Agriculture in Russia accounts for 11% of total employment and 5% of GDP, and plays an important role in the national economy. In 2014, when the United States and the EU imposed sanctions on Russia in connection with the Ukrainian crisis, Russia restricted imports of agricultural products from sanctioned countries. Since then, the Russian government has focused on improving food self-sufficiency and improving agricultural productivity, thereby increasing grain production and positioning it as a grain exporting country. This paper examines Russian agriculture policy, agricultural production, and import and export prospects.